Question #1: I feel that Bokononism tries to solve the problem of violent, religious dogmatism by having the intrigue of the religion be that it is an underground organization and that speaking out and violently voicing one’s opinion would inevitably wind up with them dead. The fear factor is used to the advantage of the religion because it makes it dangerous and therefore wanted. Most religions make the mistake of creating such die-hard followers that many of them would fight for what they believe to be the one “true” religion. Bokonon teaches that everything in the Bokononist religion are “bittersweet lies” (1). If the religion is based on lies, there is nothing to fight to prove is the truth. In this way I agree with what SparkNotes said was the reason for the lack of violence. I also agree that the passiveness of the religion causes there to be a lack of violence. Look at the national symbol, for example. It is Mona, who is very chill and will go whatever way the wind takes her, but doesn’t have intense emotions like hatred or rage. If she is the symbol of the people of San Lorenzo, then it shows how they must also be peaceful Bokononists. Though, the whole beginning part about how Bokononists let fate take it’s course doesn’t seem to fit the question (to me at least). I feel like they were trying to make a point, but it doesn’t really come across. The only possible thing that I can think of is that it is a round-about way of expressing the religious views of passiveness.
Question #2: Felix Hoenikker mocks the idea that evil is humanities’ biggest problem by his innocence. We are taught that there is good and evil and there is no in between. Vonnegut messes with this thought by making Felix have such a childish innocence about them. Dr. Hoenikker had an interest in turtles that was about equivalent to a little kid. The fact that he was a little person also adds to us thinking that he is treated like he is young and innocent. When one of his colleagues spoke about how science has seen sin, Felix asks what sin is, showing that he really is naive. If he were evil, he would be fully educated about his inventions, and still trying to end the world. His naive characteristics take away from the idea that he could possibly be pegged as an evil man. I agreed with what SparkNotes had to say about this, but I believe that my argument was stronger and had more examples in it.
Question #3: The speech at Franks high school graduation was all about how science was the key to life-which seems ironic because it was science that ended so many lives at the end of the book. Science is powerful, but not necessarily always in a good way. When a protein was later discovered to be the “key to life” many people went on the same way they always did, showing how science can have a little effect on normal people. They thought that science would be the key to happiness, but discovered that you can’t whip up happiness in a laboratory. The “truth” discovered by science is misleading. In the case of the ice-9, the readers get to see how something that was supposed to be simple an helpful, caused the downfall of the world.
Question #4: The hobby shop owner, Jack, showed Jonah what Frank worked on as a child and teenager, which offered insight into Frank that could not be seen the first time I read it. I didn’t make the connection until just now, but it makes total sense. On the surface, Frank is perceived as someone with an eye for intricate detail, planning skills, and a vision. Now that I have read the book, I realize that the model city was not an example of just that, but of Frank’s carelessness and indifference to the world. The way he tore down perfectly good parts of his model without giving them a second thought shows his recklessness and inability to appreciate what he had. This is shown through giving away his ice-9 which inevitably ended the world. His carelessness was what allowed him to give something like that away without thinking about the consequences fully. The hobby shop model city could also give insight into Frank’s careless and indifferent attitude towards San Lorenzo, because it showed how he didn’t take a stand towards the injustice (because he just didn’t care) and how he didn’t want to govern the people for his own selfish reasons.

